Or affect), is a feeling that involves our thoughts, body reactions, actions & influenced by what happens inside us and around us.

• A. Arousal
• B. Emotion
• C. Motivation
• D. Cognition

Answer: (B)

Emotions are feelings that weave together what we think, how our bodies respond, and what we end up doing, and they’re shaped by both what happens inside us and around us. When an emotion arises, there’s a mental appraisal of the situation, a physiological reaction (like a faster heartbeat or adrenaline), a subjective sense of the feeling itself, and an action tendency (what we feel pulled to do). This integrated mix fits the description well because it explicitly includes thoughts, body reactions, actions, and the influence of internal and external events.

Arousal is only the bodily activation part, without the accompanying thoughts or explicit action patterns. Motivation is about the drive to act toward a goal, which can influence emotions but isn’t the feeling itself. Cognition covers thinking and mental processes, not the experiential sense of an emotion with its bodily changes and actions.